What is the difference between copyediting and proofreading?
Proofreading is the final stage of the editing process. The text has already been critically analyzed for developmental and structural issues, voice and style, paragraph and sentence structure, and any sections requiring further work have been revised or rewritten. Now it needs its final quality check before it can be published. During the proofreading stage, I will correct any remaining errors in spelling, punctuation, grammar, typography & formatting. I will also flag obvious factual errors and make sure that the text adheres to a style sheet if applicable. Graphs, images, tables, charts, and illustrations will also be reviewed for editorial consistency and obvious errors.
However, the copyediting stage goes further. It requires research and deeper knowledge on the part of the editor, who checks readily verifiable facts where appropriate and raises queries where information appears inaccurate or inconsistent. Unlike proofreading, grammatically suboptimal sentences may be reworded at this stage to improve syntax, and particular attention is paid to the writer’s voice and personal style to make sure it is steady throughout the manuscript. In addition, a personalized style sheet is created, both to be of aid in the editing process and to be used as a reference by the author in future writing.
If you feel that your text is already quite clean, the Full Proofreading service will make sure it’s ready to go. If you’d like your writing to read more smoothly, sound more consistent, and fully engage your reader, you’ll benefit most from the Proofreading & Copyediting service.
Do you offer a copyedit without a proofread?
No, I don’t. I can proofread without copyediting, but don’t offer copyediting as a standalone service. This is because changes at the copyediting level can introduce new surface errors. I prefer to handle both in one workflow, first refining the text and adding queries wherever needed while building a style sheet, then carrying out a final proofread to catch any remaining errors.
What kind of projects do you take on?
I work with creative, professional and academic writing. On the creative side, I provide manuscript editing services for short stories, novellas, children’s picture books, novels, and memoirs, always paying close attention to respecting the writer’s voice and style. I also work extensively with business and academic writing, including blogs, newsletters, website copy, manuals, guides, and industry reports, as well as journal articles, theses, dissertations, textbooks, monographs, and conference papers.
Who do you work with?
I work with indie and self-publishing authors, creative entrepreneurs, students, researchers, and professionals. My background as a proofreader and copyeditor with a PhD in Applied Linguistics allows me to work comfortably across creative, professional and academic writing. Whether you are developing a research paper, a novel, a newsletter, or website content, I can help you publish with confidence.
How are editing services priced?
Most long-form projects are priced using per-word editing rates, while shorter texts (up to 2,500 words) are available at fixed rates. My current pricing is:
- Full Proofreading: $25 per 1,000 words
- Proofreading & Copyediting: $35 per 1,000 words
Specialized services, such as Academic Reference & Formatting Review or Children's Book Editing, have their own pricing structure. Every personalized proposal includes a breakdown of costs, so you'll always know what to expect before any work begins.
What is the minimum project fee, and why do you have one?
My minimum project fee is $50. Every editing project, regardless of its length, involves time spent reviewing the text and assessing the level of work it requires, preparing files, carrying out the edit, communicating with the client, and performing final quality checks before delivery. For shorter texts, this minimum fee also allows me to offer professional editing at a fixed price while maintaining the same detailed approach that I bring to every project.
What is a booking deposit? Is it refundable?
A booking deposit is an advance payment that reserves time for your project in my editing schedule. Once I accept your project, I set aside dedicated time to work on it, which means I may not be able to take on other work during that period. For this reason, booking deposits are nonrefundable. The amount will always be clearly stated in your proposal and deducted from your final invoice, so you only pay the remaining balance once the project is complete.
How long will my edit take?
Turnaround times depend on the length and complexity of your project, but you'll always receive a clear timeline before work begins. Shorter texts are usually returned within 5–7 business days, while books and longer academic projects are quoted individually.
To ensure every project receives the level of care and attention it deserves, I limit the number of clients I work with at any one time. If your project has a deadline, please let me know as early as possible so I can do my best to accommodate it.
What happens after I receive my edited document?
Every service includes one follow-up revision, giving you the opportunity to ask questions about the edits, discuss any comments or queries, and request clarification or corrections if I have misunderstood your intended meaning or overlooked an issue during the original editing process. To make the most of this revision, please send your feedback and questions together in one consolidated response within 14 calendar days of receiving your edited files.
The included revision covers clarification of my edits and corrections or adjustments directly related to the original scope of work. If you make substantial changes to your text after delivery, add new material, request extensive changes to reflect new stylistic preferences, or require an additional round of editing, I'll be happy to provide a separate proposal before any further work begins.
What is a personalized style sheet?
A personalized style sheet (also known as a style guide) is a document that I create during the copyediting process to ensure your text remains consistent from beginning to end. It records editorial decisions relating to spelling conventions, word usage, formatting, language variety (US or UK English), voice, brand preferences (where applicable), and any other style choices specific to your project. You will receive a copy of your personalized style sheet with your edited document so it can serve as a useful reference for future revisions or writing projects.
What formats do you work with?
My online proofreading services are usually delivered through Microsoft Word and its Track Changes tool. When proofreading only, I can also work with PDF files when appropriate—though a clean copy will not be provided along with the document with suggested edits. If you prefer to work with a different format or if you’re unsure of how the Track Changes tool works, please let me know.
Do you offer e-book formatting?
Yes. E-book formatting is available as an add-on to proofreading or copyediting projects, particularly for authors preparing both print and digital editions. It can also be booked separately if your manuscript has already been edited and formatted for print.
I review the digital version from beginning to end, checking its formatting, consistency, and overall reading experience, and flagging issues that may have arisen during conversion.
Pricing depends on the length and complexity of the project.
Can you edit in US and UK English?
Yes. I regularly proofread and copyedit in both US and UK English. I'll edit your document according to your preferred variety and ensure consistency throughout the text.
Why are prices stated in US dollars?
Most of the clients I work with use US dollars, so it made sense to set my prices in that currency. However, if you would prefer to work in a different currency, that is no problem at all. Just let me know.
Why do you provide a Free Sample Edit?
I understand that choosing the right editor is an important decision. A Free Sample Edit allows you to see how I work before committing to a larger project, giving you the confidence that your writing is in capable hands. There's no obligation—just an opportunity to decide whether we're a good fit for each other.
Will my work be treated with confidentiality?
Absolutely. I treat every project with the utmost confidentiality and will never share your work, personal information, or project details without your permission. Likewise, I will never copy and paste your text onto an AI-detection website or software.
If your project requires additional protection, I'm also happy to sign a non-disclosure agreement (NDA) before any work begins. Your writing will be handled with professionalism and discretion throughout the editing process.
Do editors use AI?
I will never use AI to proofread or copyedit client work. I take pride in my skills and continually work to keep them sharp. That's why I work on every edit manually, using my own editorial judgment and experience. I consult dictionaries, style guides, and other relevant sources personally rather than relying on automated editing tools.
However, I can work with AI-generated content and help make it sound more natural, more human, and more like you.